End Stage Renal
Disease:
This is defined as loss of function of the kidney to such an
extent that requires treatment with either long term dialysis or renal
transplantation
Causes of End Stage
Renal Disease:
1.Diabetes Mellitus:
This is the most common cause of ESRD in Western countries.
2.Arterial Pathology:
Diseases that can cause longterm arterial/vascular pathology in the kidney include
:
Hypertension.
Malignant Hypertension.
Renal artery stenosis.
3.Infections of
kidney:
This includes
Glomerulonephritis.
Pyelonephritis.
Tuberculosis.
HIV.
4.Obstructive
uropathy
5.Reflux uropathy
6..Toxins:
Such as:
Lead
Cadmium
Lithium
Cyclosporin
7.Familial Diseases:
Polycystic kidney disease
Fabry”s disease
Oxalosis
Tuberous sclerosis
Cystinosis
Alport”s disease
8.Other causes:
Interstitial
nephritis
Radiation nephritis
Sickle cell disease
Sarcoidosis
Traumatic Renal Loss
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