Clinical Medicine Made Simple : Clinical manifestations of vitamin Deficiencies

Thiamine Deficiency:

This  leads to Wernicke - Korsakoff Syndrome,which is a constellation of neurologic symptoms which include severe memory deficit,confabulation which means patient makes up imaginary stories to cover his memory deficit.These occur due to damage to mamillary bodies and periventricular structures

Thiamine deficiency can also damage the peripheral nerves : DryBeri beri and heart / Wet beri beri

Folic Acid Deficiency :

This produces Megaloblastic Anemia without neurologic symptoms

Niacin Deficiency :

This produces Pellagra characterized by depigmenting dermatitis,chronic diarrhea and anemia

Riboflavin deficiency:

This produces ariboflavinosis which is characterized by glossitis,corneal opacities,dermatitis and erythroid hyperplasia

Vitamin B12 Deficiency :

This produces megaloblastic anemia accompanied by degeneration of posterolateral spinal cord.