Electric Current
When electric charges are moving across any surface,we say
electric current is flowing through that surface.
The rate of flow of electric charge through any cross
sectional area is called Electric Current.
If Charge Q is passing through an Area A in time “t”
second,then the electric current flowing through it would be I
I = Q/t
In SI (System International), the init of current is known
as Ampere.
Electric charges are of two kinds : positive and Negative.
Electric current is produced due to flow of both positive
and negative charges.
Conventional Current
Consider there is a metal cup.
A stream of positive charges is being injected into a metal
cup.As there is a movement of electric charges taking place,we will say an
electric current is flowing through upper cross sectional area of this cup.
The result of this movement is the amount of positive charge
increases in he cup.
If we stop the injection of positive charges now and instead
start to inject negative charges,the positive charges stored in electric cup
would start getting neutralized.
In other words, the effect of flow of negative charges is
the same as effect produced by flow of positive charges in opposite direction
to flow of negative charges.
We can safely say that the current produced by the flow of
negative charges is equivalent to a flow of current of an equal amount of
positive charges in the opposite direction
This equivalent current of positive charges is known as
conventional current.
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