Dermatology Made Simple : Pruritis

Dermatology Made Simple : Pruritis

Pruritis:

Pruritis is defined as itching of the skin

Pruritis maybe generalized or localized and maybe associated with normal skin or skin changes.

Causes of Localized Pruritis with Skin Changes:

These include:

Eczema

Psoriasis

Lichen Planus

Dermatitis Herpetiformis

Insect bites

Contact Dermatitis

Urticaria

Angioedema

Causes of Generalized Pruritis with skin Changes:

This is seen in widespread inflammatory skin changes such as:

Widespread eczema

Psoriasis

Scabies

Graft Vs Host Disease

Allergic drug eruption

Pruiritis with Normal Skin:

There are different causes for this:

Infections:

Filariasis,HIV and Hookworm

Malignancy:

Lymphoma,Leukemia,Myeloma

Haematological:

Polycythemia,Iron Deficiency Anemia

Endocrinological Causes:

Diabetes,Myxoedema,Hyperthyroidism

Drugs:Opioids

Chronic Renal Failure

Hodgkin”s Disease

Investigations:

Full Blood Count

CRP

U and Es

ESR

Chest X Ray

Thyroid Function Tests

Serum Glucose

Urine Routine Exam

Skin biopsy

Management :

Treat and Identify the underlying cause.

Aim to suppress the sensation of itch by Medication or Behavioural Therapy.

Apply Cold emollients over the skin lesions.

Topical Local anesthetics are also effective.

Topical and systemic antihistamines canbe fairly effective.

Most commonly Used H1 receptor Antihistamines include:

Cetrizine,Levocetrizine,desloratidine and fexofenadine.