Acute Pyelonephritis is an infectious disease involving the kidney parenchyma and the renal pelvis.
Etiology:
Gram Negative bacteria such as Eschricia coli , Proteus, Klebsiella and Enterobacteraceae are the most common causative organisms.
Laboratory findings:
Raised White cell count with a leukocytosis with left shift is observed.
Urinalysis shows pyuria and varying degrees of haematuria and white cell casts.
Sometimes bacteremia may be present.
Management:
Patient should be hospitalized and emperically treated with IV ampicillin and gentamicin.
Other medicines of interest in Acute Pyelonephritis:
Phenazopyridine :
This is a urinary analgesic.
Nitrofurantoin :
This is a urinary tract anti-infective used mainly in cases ofmild pyelonephritis as well as cystitis.
